- How do you compare a political system shared by parliament, executive, and legislature to the co-governance system by the king, church, and aristocrats?
Compare the similarities and differences between a political system sharing its power with the legislature, the executive and the judiciary and another political co-governance with the king, the church and the nobility.
The modern political systems in Europe and America are mainly characterised by the modern sharing power system. Parliaments, governments, and courts of law exercise some of their powers separately.
In modern time of Europe, and in Europe when history can be consulted, a different system operates. The king, the nobility under the king, and the church, together governed the kingdom in a divided manner.
In ancient China, before 211 BC, the same political system was in operation. The emperor, the kings under the emperor, and the nobles under the king governed the dynasty together.
The division of power between the parliament, the government and the courts resembled a horizontal planar division of power in which three parties divided power on one plane
The division of power between the king and the church is somewhat similar to a horizontal division of power on a plane. The division of power between the king and the nobility, however, is a typical vertical division of power according to hierarchy. The nobleman directly manages its population and land. It directly controls the revenue under his control. The king owned the nobility and demanded taxes and soldiers from its nobles.
The vertical division of power by hierarchy was also typical of feudal China in the distant past. The super-king (or emperor, as he might be called) divided up the land among the kings below him. Below the king was a layer of nobles. The super-king administered the land and population under his rule through the kings. The king governs the kingdom through his subordinate nobles. The super-king could not directly tax the population under the king’s administration. The king cannot directly tax the population administered by the nobles. The noble has direct tax right only.
The physical distance is more than 2,000 kilometres apart and the historical distance is more than 2,000 years apart; how is it that the same political system emerged in ancient China as well in modern Europe?
When the feudal political system was in place in Europe, it was not possible for any Europeans to travel to China to learn this system due to the conditions of the time. It is really a miraculous thing that the same political system was chosen coincidentally in different territory where it was not possible to exchange experiences with each other . It proves that this type of system is the inevitable path for this type of historical conditions.
Is it possible to predict one thing? After more than 2000 years of centralisation in China, will Europe finally one day adopt such a political system? Please offer your talents.